Currently fail2ban doesn't play so well sitting in the host OS and working with a container. However, fail2ban provides a great deal of flexibility to construct policies that will suit your specific security needs. Setting up fail2ban can help alleviate this problem. Update the local package index and install by typing: The fail2ban service is useful for protecting login entry points. Hi, sorry me if I dont understand:( I've tried to add the config file outside the container, fail2ban is running but seems to not catch the bad ip, i've tried your rules with fail2ban-regex too but I noted: SUMMARY: it works, using the suggested config outside the container, on the host. @BaukeZwart Can we get free domain using cloudfare, I got a domain from duckdns and added it nginx reverse proxy but fail2ban is not banning the ip's, can I use cloudfare with free domain and nginx proxy, do you have any config for docker please? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. So, is there a way to setup and detect failed login attemps of my webservices from my proxy server and if so, do youve got a hint? You'll also need to look up how to block http/https connections based on a set of ip addresses. 4/5* with rice. In your instructions, you mount the NPM files as /data/logs and mount it to /log/npm, but in this blog post, the author specifically mentions "Ensure that you properly bind mount the logs at /data/logs of your NPM reverse proxy into the Fail2ban docker container at /var/log/npm. 0. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. For example, my nextcloud instance loads /index.php/login. Personally I don't understand the fascination with f2b. Proxy: HAProxy 1.6.3 Crap, I am running jellyfin behind cloudflare. actionban = iptables -I DOCKER-USER -s -j DROP, actionunban = iptables -D DOCKER-USER -s -j DROP, Actually below the above to be correct after seeing https://docs.rackspace.com/support/how-to/block-an-ip-address-on-a-Linux-server/. more Dislike DB Tech If you do not use PHP or any other language in conjunction with your web server, you can add this jail to ban those who request these types of resources: We can add a section called [nginx-badbots] to stop some known malicious bot request patterns: If you do not use Nginx to provide access to web content within users home directories, you can ban users who request these resources by adding an [nginx-nohome] jail: We should ban clients attempting to use our Nginx server as an open proxy. The first idea of using Cloudflare worked. As v2 is not actively developed, just patched by the official author, it will not be added in v2 unless someone from the community implements it and opens a pull request. It is ideal to set this to a long enough time to be disruptive to a malicious actors efforts, while short enough to allow legitimate users to rectify mistakes. Well occasionally send you account related emails. @jellingwood I started my selfhosting journey without Cloudflare. The inspiration for and some of the implementation details of these additional jails came from here and here. When users repeatedly fail to authenticate to a service (or engage in other suspicious activity), fail2ban can issue a temporary bans on the offending IP address by dynamically modifying the running firewall policy. Along banning failed attempts for n-p-m I also ban failed ssh log ins. To get started, we need to adjust the configuration file that fail2ban uses to determine what application logs to monitor and what actions to take when offending entries are found. I agree than Nginx Proxy Manager is one of the potential users of fail2ban. The default action (called action_) is to simply ban the IP address from the port in question. You'll also need to look up how to block http/https connections based on a set of ip addresses. To exclude the complexities of web service setup from the issues of configuring the reverse proxy, I have set up web servers with static content. I would also like to vote for adding this when your bandwidth allows. Begin by running the following commands as a non-root user to You can type !ref in this text area to quickly search our full set of tutorials, documentation & marketplace offerings and insert the link! In NPM Edit Proxy Host added the following for real IP behind Cloudflare in Custom Nginx Configuration: Do German ministers decide themselves how to vote in EU decisions or do they have to follow a government line? I am after this (as per my /etc/fail2ban/jail.local): [Init], maxretry = 3 If you are using volumes and backing them up nightly you can easily move your npm container or rebuild it if necessary. to your account. Fail2ban does not update the iptables. for reference I've been hoping to use fail2ban with my npm docker compose set-up. In the end, you are right. What i would like to prevent are the last 3 lines, where the return code is 401. It only takes a minute to sign up. Today weve seen the top 5 causes for this error, and how to fix it. I am having trouble here with the iptables rules i.e. Ive tried to find You signed in with another tab or window. WebNow Im trying to get homelab-docs.mydomain.com to go through the tunnel, hit the reverse proxy, and get routed to the backend container thats running dokuwiki. Sign in Fail2Ban is a wonderful tool for managing failed authentication or usage attempts for anything public facing. "/action.d/action-ban-docker-forceful-browsing.conf" - took me some time before I realized it. https://www.authelia.com/ We can add an [nginx-noproxy] jail to match these requests: When you are finished making the modifications you need, save and close the file. Use the "Hosts " menu to add your proxy hosts. Here is the sample error log from nginx 2017/10/18 06:55:51 [warn] 34604#34604: *1 upstream server temporarily disabled while connecting to upstream, client: , server: mygreat.server.com, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "https://:443/", host: "mygreat.server.com" And to be more precise, it's not really NPM itself, but the services it is proxying. However, we can create our own jails to add additional functionality. By clicking Sign up for GitHub, you agree to our terms of service and Maybe something like creating a shared directory on my proxy, let the webserver log onto that shared directory and then configure fail2ban on my proxy server to read those logs and block ips accordingly? On one hand, this project's goals was for the average joe to be able to easily use HTTPS for their incoming websites; not become a network security specialist. I am behind Cloudflare and they actively protect against DoS, right? I want to try out this container in a production environment but am hesitant to do so without f2b baked in. Even with no previous firewall rules, you would now have a framework enabled that allows fail2ban to selectively ban clients by adding them to purpose-built chains: If you want to see the details of the bans being enforced by any one jail, it is probably easier to use the fail2ban-client again: It is important to test your fail2ban policies to ensure they block traffic as expected. The error displayed in the browser is The suggestion to use sendername doesnt work anymore, if you use mta = mail, or perhaps it never did. Check the packet against another chain. edit: most of your issues stem from having different paths / container / filter names imho, set it up exactly as I posted as that works to try it out, and then you can start adjusting paths and file locations and container names provided you change them in all relevant places. Similarly, Home Assistant requires trusted proxies (https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/http/#trusted_proxies). In production I need to have security, back ups, and disaster recovery. I understand that there are malicious people out there and there are users who want to protect themselves, but is f2b the only way for them to do this? Each action is a script in action.d/ in the Fail2Ban configuration directory (/etc/fail2ban). WebFail2Ban is a wonderful tool for managing failed authentication or usage attempts for anything public facing. Multiple applications/containers may need to have fail2ban, but only one instance can run on a system since it is playing with iptables rules. First, create a new jail: [nginx-proxy] enabled = true port = http logpath = % Why are non-Western countries siding with China in the UN? WebFail2ban. They can and will hack you no matter whether you use Cloudflare or not. Secure Your Self Hosting with Fail2Ban + Nginx Proxy Manager + CloudFlare 16,187 views Jan 20, 2022 Today's video is sponsored by Linode! findtime = 60, NOTE: for docker to ban port need to use single port and option iptables -m conntrack --ctorigdstport --ctdir ORIGINAL, my personal opinion nginx-proxy-manager should be ONLY nginx-proxy-manager ; as with docker concept fail2ban and etc, etc, you can have as separate containers; better to have one good nginx-proxy-manager without mixing; jc21/nginx-proxy-manager made nice job. --Instead just renaming it to "/access.log" gets the server started, but that's about as far as it goes. I followed the above linked blog and (on the second attempt) got the fail2ban container running and detecting my logs, but I do get an error which (I'm assuming) actually blocks any of the ban behavior from taking effect: f2b | 2023-01-28T16:41:28.094008433Z 2023-01-28 11:41:28,093 fail2ban.actions [1]: ERROR Failed to execute ban jail 'npm-general-forceful-browsing' action 'action-ban-docker-forceful-browsing' info 'ActionInfo({'ip': '75.225.129.88', 'family': 'inet4', 'fid': at 0x7f0d4ec48820>, 'raw-ticket': at 0x7f0d4ec48ee0>})': Error banning 75.225.129.88. But how? If you are not using Cloudflare yet, just ignore the cloudflare-apiv4 action.d script and focus only on banning with iptables. Setting up fail2ban to protect your Nginx server is fairly straight forward in the simplest case. I'd suggest blocking up ranges for china/Russia/India/ and Brazil. Or may be monitor error-log instead. Maybe recheck for login credentials and ensure your API token is correct. Setting up fail2ban is also a bit more advanced then firing up the nginx-proxy-manager container and using a UI to easily configure subdomains. Currently fail2ban doesn't play so well sitting in the host OS and working with a container. But anytime having it either totally running on host or totally on Container for any software is best thing to do. Endlessh is a wonderful little app that sits on the default ssh port and drags out random ssh responses until they time out to waste the script kiddie's time and then f2b bans them for a month. I adapted and modified examples from this thread and I think I might have it working with current npm release + fail2ban in docker: run fail2ban in another container via https://github.com/crazy-max/docker-fail2ban Having f2b inside the npm container and pre-configured, similiar to the linuxio container, gives end users without experience in building jails and filters an extra layer of security. Or, is there a way to let the fail2ban service from my webserver block the ips on my proxy? Or save yourself the headache and use cloudflare to block ips there. I just wrote up my fix on this stackoverflow answer, and itd be great if you could update that section section of your article to help people that are still finding it useful (like I did) all these years later. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, https://docs.rackspace.com/support/how-to/block-an-ip-address-on-a-Linux-server/. Otherwise, anyone that knows your WAN IP, can just directly communicate with your server and bypass Cloudflare. Graphs are from LibreNMS. Hi, thank you so much for the great guide! These filter files will specify the patterns to look for within the Nginx logs. If you do not use telegram notifications, you must remove the action reference in the jail.local as well as action.d scripts. But, fail2ban blocks (rightfully) my 99.99.99.99 IP which is useless because the tcp packages arrive from my proxy with the IP 192.168.0.1. inside the jail definition file matches the path you mounted the logs inside the f2b container. @arsaboo I use both ha and nextcloud (and other 13-ish services, including mail server) with n-p-m set up with fail2ban as I outlined above without any issue. Create a folder fail2ban and create the docker-compose.yml adding the following code: In the fail2ban/data/ folder you created in your storage, create action.d, jail.d, filter.d folders and copy the files in the corresponding folder of git into them. Some update on fail2ban, since I don't see this happening anytime soon, I created a fail2ban filter myself. fail2ban :: wiki :: Best practice # Reduce parasitic log-traffic, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. HAProxy is performing TLS termination and then communicating with the web server with HTTP. If npm will have it - why not; but i am using crazymax/fail2ban for this; more complexing docker, more possible mistakes; configs, etc; how will be or f2b integrated - should decide jc21. Indeed, and a big single point of failure. Sign up for Infrastructure as a Newsletter. Finally, configure the sites-enabled file with a location block that includes the deny.conf file Fail2ban is writing to. What I really need is some way for Fail2Ban to manage its ban list, effectively, remotely. Hello, on host can be configured with geoip2 , stream I have read it could be possible, how? It is sometimes a good idea to add your own IP address or network to the list of exceptions to avoid locking yourself out. This will prevent our changes from being overwritten if a package update provides a new default file: Open the newly copied file so that we can set up our Nginx log monitoring: We should start by evaluating the defaults set within the file to see if they suit our needs. Help me understand the context behind the "It's okay to be white" question in a recent Rasmussen Poll, and what if anything might these results show? Have you correctly bind mounted your logs from NPM into the fail2ban container? One of the first items to look at is the list of clients that are not subject to the fail2ban policies. Having f2b inside the npm container and pre-configured, similiar to the linuxio container, gives end users without experience in building jails and filters an extra layer of security. Your blog post seems exactly what I'm looking for, but I'm not sure what to do about this little piece: If you are using Cloudflare proxy, ensure that your setup only accepts requests coming from the Cloudflare CDN network by whitelisting Cloudflare's IPv4 and IPv6 addresses on your server for TCP/80 (HTTP) and TCP/443 (HTTPS). Google "fail2ban jail nginx" and you should find what you are wanting. However, though I can successfully now ban with it, I don't get notifications for bans and the logs don't show a successful ban. An action is usually simple. Yes, you can use fail2ban with anything that produces a log file. Or can put SSL certificates on your web server and still hide traffic from them even if they are the proxy? The DoS went straight away and my services and router stayed up. Regarding Cloudflare v4 API you have to troubleshoot. Before that I just had a direct configuration without any proxy. Comment or remove this line, then restart apache, and mod_cloudflare should be gone. Always a personal decision and you can change your opinion any time. @kmanwar89 I've followed the instructions to a T, but run into a few issues. Lol. How would fail2ban work on a reverse proxy server? This has a pretty simple sequence of events: So naturally, when host 192.0.2.7 says Hey heres a connection from 203.0.11.45, the application knows that 203.0.11.45 is the client, and what it should log, but iptables isnt seeing a connection from 203.0.11.45, its seeing a connection from 192.0.2.7 thats passing it on. I have disabled firewalld, installed iptables, disabled (renamed) /jail.d/00-firewalld.conf file. Anyone who wants f2b can take my docker image and build a new one with f2b installed. Planned Maintenance scheduled March 2nd, 2023 at 01:00 AM UTC (March 1st, How to Unban an IP properly with Fail2Ban, Permanent block of IP after n retries using fail2ban. For example, Nextcloud required you to specify the trusted domains (https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/latest/admin_manual/configuration_server/config_sample_php_parameters.html). Today's video is sponsored by Linode!Sign up today and get a $100 60-day credit on your new Linode account, link is in the description. https://dbte.ch/linode/=========================================/This video assumes that you already use Nginx Proxy Manager and Cloudflare for your self-hosting.Fail2ban scans log files (e.g. Now that NginX Proxy Manager is up and running, let's setup a site. The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: I agree on the fail2ban, I can see 2fa being good if it is going to be externally available. By taking a look at the variables and patterns within the /etc/fail2ban/jail.local file, and the files it depends on within the /etc/fail2ban/filter.d and /etc/fail2ban/action.d directories, you can find many pieces to tweak and change as your needs evolve. Furthermore, all probings from random Internet bots also went down a lot. The stream option in NPM literally says "use this for FTP, SSH etc." Truce of the burning tree -- how realistic? We can use this file as-is, but we will copy it to a new name for clarity. Open the file for editing: Below the failregex specification, add an additional pattern. Server Fault is a question and answer site for system and network administrators. if you have all local networks excluded and use a VPN for access. Thanks! @mastan30 I'm using cloudflare for all my exposed services and block IP in cloudflare using the API. The thing with this is that I use a fairly large amount of reverse-proxying on this network to handle things like TLS termination and just general upper-layer routing. You can follow this guide to configure password protection for your Nginx server. Modified 4 months ago. Can I implement this without using cloudflare tunneling? Same thing for an FTP server or any other kind of servers running on the same machine. I've setup nginxproxymanager and would like to use fail2ban for security. thanks. However, you must ensure that only IPv4 and IPv6 IP addresses of the Cloudflare network are allowed to talk to your server. However, by default, its not without its drawbacks: Fail2Ban uses iptables to manage its bans, inserting a --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable rule for each banned host. I really had no idea how to build the failregex, please help . Just because we are on selfhosted doesn't mean EVERYTHING needs to be selfhosted. This will let you block connections before they hit your self hosted services. Web Server: Nginx (Fail2ban). Fail2Ban runs as root on this system, meaning I added roots SSH key to the authorized_keys of the proxy hosts user with iptables access, so that one can SSH into the other. I'm assuming this should be adjusted relative to the specific location of the NPM folder? I switched away from that docker container actually simply because it wasn't up-to-date enough for me. Create a file called "nginx-docker" in /etc/fail2ban/filder.d with the following contents, This will jail all requests that return a 4xx/3xx code on the main ip or a 400 on the specified hosts in the docker (no 300 here because of redirects used to force HTTPS). LoadModule cloudflare_module. You could also use the action_mwl action, which does the same thing, but also includes the offending log lines that triggered the ban: Now that you have some of the general fail2ban settings in place, we can concentrate on enabling some Nginx-specific jails that will monitor our web server logs for specific behavior patterns. To do so, you will have to first set up an MTA on your server so that it can send out email. Right, they do. But at the end of the day, its working. This gist contains example of how you can configure nginx reverse-proxy with autmatic container discovery, SSL certificates WebThe fail2ban service is useful for protecting login entry points. Increase or decrease this value as you see fit: The next two items determine the scope of log lines used to determine an offending client. That way you don't end up blocking cloudflare. I followed the guide that @mastan30 posted and observed a successful ban (though 24 hours after 3 tries is a bit long, so I have to figure out how to un-ban myself). Is it save to assume it is the default file from the developer's repository? Then I added a new Proxy Host to Nginx Proxy Manager with the following configuration: Details: Domain Name: (something) Scheme: http IP: 192.168.123.123 Port: 8080 Cache Assets: disabled Block Common Exploits: enabled Websockets Support: enabled Access List: Publicly Accessible SSL: Force SSL: enabled HSTS Enabled: enabled HTTP/2 @jc21 I guess I should have specified that I was referring to the docker container linked in the first post (unRAID). This account should be configured with sudo privileges in order to issue administrative commands. Requests coming from the Internet will hit the proxy server (HAProxy), which analyzes the request and forwards it on to the appropriate server (Nginx). Each rule basically has two main parts: the condition, and the action. LEM current transducer 2.5 V internal reference, Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron". Fill in the needed info for your reverse proxy entry. This worked for about 1 day. WebTo y'all looking to use fail2ban with your nginx-proxy-manager in docker here's a tip: In your jail.local file under where the section (jail) for nginx-http-auth is you need to add this line so Your browser does not support the HTML5
